A-5 Excavating, Grading and Oil Surfacing Practice Test

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• A wellpoint dewatering system is most efficient in what type of soil?
• An asphalt crack that is between 1/8 inch and 1/2 inch is considered to be what?
• What happens to the flow and rate of penetration of water as the slope gradient increases?
• What soil condition is most likely to be problematic for construction projects?
• Which type of blade is commonly used for backfilling in excavation operations?
• Which equipment is most suitable for excavating in tight areas around utilities?
• The optimum moisture content of soil is the amount of moisture at which what is maximized?
• Materials must be stored a minimum of what distance from the edge of the excavation?
• Which of the following statements about wet clay is NOT true?
• If a scraper cuts easily on the first pass, what should the operator do next?
• What does the term "water table" refer to in excavation terminology?
• Which item is not required to be accessible by an employer?
• What type of foundation is typically used for structures on unstable soil?
• Which of the following best defines a "lift" in excavation?
• What type of equipment is ideally suited for moving material over short distances?
• According to standards, when shooting a trench with jacks, where should the jacks be installed?
• The top of any exterior foundation on grade sites must extend above the elevation of what?
• Which equipment should be utilized when driving sheet piling?
• If the grade is 2% and the vertical rise is 18 inches, what is the horizontal distance?
• When moving into a new building, what safety precautions does OSHA require for a company with 8 employees?
• What is the maximum allowed slope on a finish grade during backfilling?
• What technique is commonly used for soil stabilization?
• What is the non-technical term for the horizontal angle from the centerline of a water tower to the centerline of the roadway?
• What is the required slope of ground adjacent to a residential structure?
• What procedure should an asphalt machine operator follow before lighting the burner on an asphalt heating kettle?
• What construction material is primarily used for paving in oil surfacing?
• When cleaning an area of construction, what is the required depth for removing stumps and roots from the soil according to the IBC?
• According to OSHA, which of the following is NOT an acceptable method for providing eye protection for employees working with potentially dangerous equipment?
• What is a key benefit of using controlled low strength material in construction?
• What principle is essential for ensuring excavation stability?
• At what average speed does the scraper operate?
• What is the finished elevation of lot no. 409?
• Which type of soil is considered the best for shoring applications?
• What determines the optimum moisture content of soil?
• If a rectangular structure measures 56 feet by 90 feet, what is the diagonal measurement, assuming all corners are square?
• Which method is considered effective for soil stabilization when the soil is primarily clay?
• What does the term "cut grade" refer to in excavation?
• In excavation projects, the distance from the house to the property line is referred to as the ____________?
• For safe excavation practices, personnel should wear which of the following?
• What measurement is crucial when determining the diagonal of a rectangular structure?
• How often should crankcase oil be changed on heavy equipment?
• What is the term for aggregate from a sand or gravel pit that has not been processed?
• What is an advantage of using nuclear compaction on a job site?
• Which of the following pieces of equipment would be used for fine grading?
• What is the minimum distance from the toe of a slope to a structure, if the slope height is 15 feet?
• What should be added to sand to achieve optimum compaction?
• Safety regulations require fenders on equipment moving at what speed?
• Which of the following is true when blasting underground?
• Which of the following materials is typically used as fill when backfilling?
• On a multiple chip seal, the nominal aggregate size of each succeeding course should be __________.
• Who is responsible for inspecting a trench that is 20 feet deep?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical use of grading equipment?
• What material is typically placed around a weep hole of a hydrant?
• What is the primary cause of flat spots on a roller carrier?
• An instrument used to measure horizontal changes and elevations is a ________?
• What is the primary purpose of using subsoil drains in construction?
• In excavation, which of the following is not a method to establish levels?
• What is the best trench protection in loose soil conditions?
• What does the depth setting on a bowl scraper affect?
• Which type of equipment is best suited for excavating a swampy area that has a clay bottom?
• Which material is typically not assumed to have a presumptive load bearing capacity for foundations?
• What is the best application for a wobble wheel roller?
• In excavation, what is the term used for the vertical distance between the two elevations?
• What is the maximum bedding for a 12 inch ductile iron pipe?
• How far is it from the stake shown to the reference stake (point), as indicated?
• According to safety regulations, what is the required foot clearance for fire control on a 1200-gallon portable fuel tank?
• What safety measure is typically required when trenches exceed a certain depth?
• Which type of soil is often classified as Type C?
• In terms of safety, what must all refueling trucks have when handling flammable materials?
• When impulses reflected by the soil are counted by a gauge on a machine, this is known as a _______ test?
• What is a crucial aspect of grading operations?
• What is the basic location reference point used in highway construction?
• What is the best method to dewater an excavation?
• What is the best way to ensure the dew point is reached during excavation?
• What is the operating efficiency of the scraper in minutes per hour?
• Which equipment is commonly used to establish clear elevations in grading processes?
• What tool is typically used to measure both horizontal and vertical dimensions accurately on a site?
• How deep must trenches or ditches be for OSHA to require ladders or steps for adequate exit?
• What does the "J" indicate in excavation illustrations?
• Which test can measure soil compaction (density)?
• A retaining wall that has a strut in compression for soil stability is known as what?
• The excavation of topsoil for a five-acre packing area that expands 30% results in how many cubic yards of loose topsoil removed?
• What type of retaining wall relies solely on its own weight and positioning to hold back soil?
• The sides of a 6 foot deep trench in type B soil which is sloped to prevent cave-ins should have a maximum slope angle of ________?
• What is the term used for the dimension from the vertical hole to the face of the shear in excavation?
• What is considered a key indicator of a well-done excavation?
• What safety equipment is required when using a crane to lift pipe?
• What is the minimum width of a walkway used to protect pedestrians during construction or demolition, according to building code?
• What does a standard proctor test determine?
• What is the maximum allowable slope for the finished grade in residential excavation?
• What aspect of soil is often assessed when determining stability for excavation purposes?
• How large is the lot that requires excavation?
• What action should be taken if a soil compaction test fails due to low moisture content?
• At what speed is a vibratory roller best used?
• Which factor is crucial for determining excavation safety in trenches?
• Who has the authority to change or adjust the shoring method of an excavation?
• Who is responsible for maintaining safety equipment when employees bring their own PPE?
• What is added to hot mixed asphalt to increase its fluidity?
• What is the recommended practice for compacting soil?
• What is typically used to fill small cracks in asphalt?
• According to OSHA, how frequently must excavations be inspected by a competent person to check for potential hazards?
• If a scraper operates only 50 minutes out of every hour, what is its effective operating time in one hour?
• When a scraper is running in muddy soil, what is a typical aid in production?
• What device is commonly used to set a grade line during excavation?
• What is the correct nozzle angle on a spray bar for optimal performance?
• When is an S blade most productive to use in excavation work?
• If 45 cubic yards excavated turns into 36 cubic yards when compacted, what is the percentage difference?
• "Weep Holes" may be utilized in which method of site grading?
• What is the vertical distance in a 3:1 trench if it reaches 36 feet horizontally?
• Which backfill material can achieve maximum density with minimal compaction in a moisture-saturated condition?
• What is the finished elevation difference between two specified lots if one is 4 feet, 6 inches higher than the other?
• What is the total area of the lot that needs to be excavated, in square feet?
• What is the typical impact of a scraper operating on an uphill slope?
• According to OSHA requirements, which of the following is NOT required on the certification of training for employees exposed to fall hazards?
• What does a rod reading of 3.84 represent in surveying?
• What should be done with all attachments when parking equipment?
• What type of frame does a motor grader have that is controlled by hydraulic cylinders?
• At what minimum depth must an excavation be sloped or protected to guard against cave-ins?
• For trench excavations, what is a common indicator of the need for shoring?
• What is one advantage of nuclear testing for soil compaction compared to other testing methods?
• What is the purpose of conducting a Proctor test?
• Which piece of equipment should be used against the face of an embankment or bluff while moving forward?
• What must a grade setter do before excavation can begin?
• You have a road that is 50 feet wide, the elevation at the center line is 26.20 feet, given a 2% slope, what is the elevation at the edge of the road?
• What are the stakes called that guide final grading at subgrade elevations in road construction?
• What is the horizontal distance in a trench with a slope of 3:1 and a vertical distance of 12 feet?
• A 2% grade over a horizontal distance of 85 feet has a vertical rise of how many feet?
• According to the standard code, the minimum acceptable soil compaction for fill under a structure is _________ percent of maximum density.
• What is the best permanent repair method for alligator cracking?
• What is known as a reference point for establishing grades in construction?
• During which phase of excavation is it essential to monitor soil moisture?
• What is the main purpose of using a transit level in grading operations?
• What term defines the stake whose top is used as a reference point to establish elevation and distances?
• What characteristic is primarily used to measure the amount of soil compaction?
• What tool is typically used for smoothing the surface of excavated areas?
• What is the typical function of a roller in grading operations?
• What is the common name for finely perforated pipes driven into the ground to lower the water table during excavation?
• What is the minimum distance for posting blasting warning signs from a blast site?
• To what minimum depth should material classified as rock be excavated below subgrade?
• If a trench excavation is partially covered by shrubs or vegetation, how deep does the excavation have to be before fall protection is required?
• What is the maximum depth that you can excavate lower than the trench box?
• In earthwork, what is meant by the term "lift"?
• What factor is most critical for maintaining safety in a construction environment?
• When cutting a slope, what is the best method to use?
• What is the maximum operating speed of a crawler dozer?
• What is the best way to determine the capacity of the soil in a particular area?
• Which equipment is most effective for controlling water during site construction?
• The powder factor in blasting is expressed in pounds of explosive per what?
• In a construction plan, a distance of 4-1/4 inches at a scale of 1/2" equals 1 foot translates to what actual project distance?
• In grading, what does the term "fill" indicate?
• What is the best method for compacting damp sand?
• What is the hinge point commonly referred to in excavation terminology?
• Unsuitable soil can be recognized by what phenomenon when equipment runs over it?
• Which of the following is NOT a purpose of compacting soil?
• What is typically considered a safe practice when excavating near existing utilities?
• Who is responsible for determining soil conditions on a job site?
• How do you calculate cubic yards of material?
• What is the active ingredient commonly found in dynamite?
• What is the importance of maintaining a 2% grade in excavation?
• What factor should NOT be included when calculating the excavation time for the lot?
• What is a common use of a backhoe in excavation projects?
• What is the purpose of stemming in blasting operations?
• Which of the following Soil provisions is NOT considered expansive?
• When setting a cut stake for an excavation with a top elevation of 94.00 feet, what should the mark on the cut stake read?
• What differentiates a counterfort retaining wall from a buttress retaining wall?
• Subsoil drains should be surrounded with what material?
• Which type of material is most effectively compacted by a vibratory roller during base preparation?
• To accomplish the entire excavation, which estimation of hours is valid based on equipment capacity?
• Which term describes the process of soil settling after compaction?
• In excavation, what is the importance of assessing soil stability?
• Which machine is primarily used for grading purposes?
• During an excavation project, what instrument is commonly used to measure angles?
• What is the most efficient method of blasting?
• What is essential for ensuring safety during excavation worksites?
• What is the required clear distance from the edge of a trench to the dirt or spoils pile according to OSHA?
• Which soil compaction test involves drilling a 1 inch hole 12 inches deep?
• If a bucket holds 2.5 cubic yards of foliated rock, how much will it hold if it is heaped up with loamy soil?
• In what type of soil is a trench box most likely used?
• What type of hazard is primarily associated with excavation work?
• How often should a competent person check the safety of an excavated trench according to OSHA?
• What is the primary purpose of grading in excavation?
• In tight soil conditions, what is the best trench protection method?
• What type of soil is generally considered less stable for excavations?
• How long will it take to excavate the lot according to the provided information?
• A sand cone test is used to measure what aspect of soil?
• What is the term for the reduction of backfill during the backfilling process?
• What is the term used to describe the level of the dirt adjacent to a foundation wall?
• What issue does water in an excavation trench create?
• What does the layering of materials in an embankment help improve?
• A grade stake indicates the cut grade is how far from the line on the stake?
• Why would you add hydrated lime to an asphalt mix?
• Which excavation method is primarily used to create level surfaces?
• In site grading, what should be avoided to prevent excessive erosion and runoff?
• What is the definition of 'grade' in construction terms?
• What is the total number of cubic yards to be excavated for a basement measuring 30' x 30' x 7' deep, considering the need to excavate beyond building lines?
• Which condition can affect equipment performance during grading?
• The minimum clearance between a backhoe and a 50kV powerline shall be _________ feet, plus .4 inches for each additional 1kV.
• What is the best method for transporting materials over a long distance?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of pre-draining and dewatering system?
• What is the total number of hours required to excavate a trench that is 1500 feet long, 8 feet deep, and 4 feet wide, based on a power hoe's excavation rate of 35 cubic yards per hour?
• What is critical for achieving proper soil compaction?
• What is the difference in elevation between Point "A" and Point "B", if the elevation drops 1/8 inch every foot over 250 feet?
• Which technique is used to determine the depth of bedrock on a construction site?
• What is the term used for the inside bottom elevation of a sewer line or drain pipe?
• According to code, how deep should stumps and roots be removed below the surface of a building site?
• In excavation work, what must be done before accessing a potential hazard site?
• How do you calculate square yards?
• What is the volume change that occurs when soil goes from a compacted state to an uncompacted state called?
• What requirement must be met for a lot to be excavated in this scenario?
• What should be done with large boulders left after excavation that cannot be used as fill?
• What is the purpose of a motor grader in excavation work?
• What is the key feature of a trench box?
• What is the maximum lateral distance allowed to any means of egress from a trench excavation that is 4 feet or more in depth?
• What is the primary function of a motor grader?
• What is a significant characteristic of the rubber tired scraper used for excavation?
• What state of aggregate provides the best adhesion with asphalt cement?
• Which of the following is essential for workplace safety on a job site?
• When is a lock-on switch permissible on a power tool?
• Before each shift, safety regulations require checking equipment for all of the following except:
• What component is present in topsoil that classifies it as such?
• If a blueprint has a scale of 1/4 inch equals 1 foot, what does a measurement of 6-5/8 inch represent?
• What is the term for the layer of soil surrounding a gas pipeline?
• Which of the following pieces of equipment is associated with a gantry?
• A slope with a ratio of 2:1 and a height of 20 feet has what horizontal run?
• Which substances are used to lower the temperature required to liquefy asphalt?
• What type of soil is least likely to hold water and is preferred for drainage?
• Which of the following is not an acceptable safety precaution for someone who uses corrective lenses?
• When laying out an excavation site from a benchmark to a reference point, how are distances measured?
• What is crucial to check before starting a grading project?
• What should be assessed to determine soil type before excavation?
• A proper trench slope can help prevent what?
• Which equipment is best for grubbing a large field?
• What type of earth-moving equipment does not require seatbelts due to the absence of a roller cage or protection?
• What materials should be used for fill in a recreation area?
• If blasting is necessary for rock excavation, what should be done?
• How deep is the uniform cut required for the excavation of the lot?
• What type of excavation requires extra caution due to the risk of cave-ins?
• What percentage of grade corresponds to a 45-degree angle?
• What describes the operation of two scrapers working together for highway excavation?
• Which type of seal is commonly used in multiple chip seal applications?
• What factor is critical in determining the safety of trench excavations?
• The depth of cut for a scraper is controlled by raising and lowering the____________?
• Which type of material is generally used to prime coat the base for surfacing?
• Which of the following does not help in preventing soil erosion at a construction site?
• What is a common indicator that soil is saturated during excavation work?
• Which equipment is best suited for the compaction of a wide trench?
• When using a compactor on loose material, how much of the material's weight is typically recommended for effective compaction?
• Which of the following is a key consideration when planning an excavation project?
• What material can be added to loose fill to improve traction?
• In the context of backfilling a trench that measures 3 feet by 4 feet, which method is not a viable compaction approach?
• What is a key characteristic of expansive soil?
• What factor could cause significant issues in foundation stability?
• A site drain gradient of 2% corresponds to approximately how many inches per foot?
• When digging at a site with a benchmark set at 100 feet and requiring a ditch at 94 feet, what is the expected difference measured on the story pole?
• Which type of soil will experience the most increase in volume when excavated?
• In a proctor test, the optimum moisture content is defined as the amount of moisture at which what occurs?
• According to OSHA, excavations that reach a depth of what measurement require an adequate protective system?
• How is the "time required" calculated for trench excavation?
• Which type of soil can be excavated with vertical side slopes while remaining intact?
• What is the advantage of slot dozing?
• What is measured during a soil compaction test?
• For proper excavation safety, how far must excavated materials be stored from the edge of the trench?
• A test which is used to determine maximum density is called a ___________.
• What is the maximum amount of material a scraper can move at a time?
• Which of the following is NOT a common layer of soil in construction?
• What solvent is typically used for cleaning liquid asphalt hose lines?
• What does the grading process primarily aim to achieve?
• If a trench is dug in compact sand, what is the required slope?
• In excavation, what is a common method for compacting soil?
• Where can excess material needed for an embankment be obtained?
• The cross section of a trench measures 20 feet 9 inches at the top, 12 feet 3 inches at the bottom, and has a depth of 3 feet 6 inches. What is the area in square feet?
• How do you calculate the load factor in excavation work?
• For effective drainage in grading, what is typically required?
• A 30 foot long driveway has a 5% slope from one end to the other. What is the rise or change in grade?
• Which tool is most effective for grading surfaces?
• What soil type typically requires more aggressive compacting techniques?
• What type of equipment is recommended to excavate a swampy area efficiently?
• Which of the following is NOT a purpose of grading in excavation?
• When excavating, which factor is crucial when determining slope stability?
• What is the primary benefit of using compacted layers in excavation and grading?
• To effectively compact clay soil, what material should be added?
• What type of system can be utilized for deep dewatering on a construction site?
• If the material expands by 25%, how much can the scraper effectively move in one hour for a round trip of one mile?
• What is needed for safe excavation in urban areas?
• When is it preferable to use an angle blade instead of a straight blade?
• What is the primary equipment used to excavate the lot in the given scenario?
• Which layer of soil would require the most caution during excavation due to stability concerns?
• If the contour on a grading plan is 5 feet with contours spaced at 150 feet, what is the slope?
• What type of retaining wall uses the weight of the soil on its footing to achieve soil stability?
• What is the total number of cubic yards to be excavated if the required finished grade is 94.00?
• When trenching and excavating, what is the minimum distance materials must be stored from the trench or excavation?
• Which of the following is NOT a common tool used in excavation?
• What is the maximum slope requirement for excavations in unstable soil?
• For effective grading, what is essential near a structural base?
• What is the best way to prevent the blast from coming out of the hole?
• For sandy gravel soils, what is the maximum foundation pressure allowed in PSF?
• Which scale should be observed for aggregate size selection in grading operations?
• Which type of rock is considered the easiest to rip?
• During a grading project, what is the result of excessive compaction?
• A pneumatic or multi-tiered roller is most effective for compaction of which type of soil?
• Which grading operation requires the most operator skill?
• In sloping and pitching work for confined spaces, what does soil distress indicate?
• Which type of scraper normally operates without the help of a pusher?
• What is the recommended method to mitigate subsurface water issues during excavation?
• Most utility companies recommend how much sand backfill over their lines prior to backfilling with excavation material?
• According to OSHA, what is the minimum fire extinguisher rating required for refueling trucks handling flammable materials?
• In the context of excavation, when calculating capacity, why is swell or expansion not accounted for in this scenario?
• Controlled low strength material need not be?
• What is the main purpose of a vibro driver in construction?
• How much backfill is most commonly recommended by utilities?
• What is the recommended action for ensuring safety when working near a trench?
• Which unit of measure is used to report the elevation of a site, such as lot number 406?
• In excavation operations, which method is best to handle excess water?
• What should be used to blow out all asphalt distribution lines at the end of the day?
• Which piece of equipment is commonly used for grading and leveling surfaces?
• Which of the following is not used to differentiate between soil types such as sand, loam, and clay?