Which method is considered effective for soil stabilization when the soil is primarily clay?

Lime is particularly effective for stabilizing clay soils due to its ability to react with moisture and the clay particles within the soil. When lime is mixed into clay, it induces a chemical reaction that can lead to a reduction in plasticity, improving the workability and load-bearing capacity of the soil. This process, known as lime modification or lime stabilization, transforms the physical and chemical properties of the clay, leading to a more stable and durable base for construction.

Additionally, lime helps in reducing the moisture content of clay soils, which is crucial since excessive moisture is a common issue in clay management. By lowering the plasticity index, lime enhances the soil’s ability to resist deformation under load, making it a preferred choice for projects involving heavy equipment or where stability is paramount.

The other methods mentioned, while useful in different contexts, do not provide the same level of effectiveness in stabilizing clay soils. For instance, cement treatment could be more suitable for granular soils, and gypsum mainly helps with soil salinity and drainage rather than stabilization. Fertilization does not contribute to soil stability but instead aims at improving vegetation growth. Therefore, the choice of lime is ideal for addressing the unique challenges posed by clay soils.