The optimum moisture content of soil is the amount of moisture at which what is maximized?

The optimum moisture content of soil is crucial in determining how effectively the soil can be compacted. At this specific moisture level, the soil particles are lubricated enough to allow for maximum rearrangement and packing, which leads to achieving the highest possible density. This process involves filling the voids between particles efficiently, allowing for a denser arrangement as water acts as a lubricant during compaction.

Higher or lower moisture levels can lead to less efficient packing. If the soil is too dry, there is insufficient lubrication, and the particles cannot slide into their densest arrangement. Conversely, if the soil is too wet, excess water fills the voids and prevents optimal particle-to-particle contact, which can also hinder density. Therefore, the optimum moisture content is critical in maximizing density during soil compaction in excavating and grading projects.