The excavation of topsoil for a five-acre packing area that expands 30% results in how many cubic yards of loose topsoil removed?

To determine how many cubic yards of loose topsoil are removed for a five-acre packing area that expands by 30%, you first need to calculate the volume of topsoil based on the area and then account for the expansion.

1. Calculate the area in square feet: One acre is equal to 43,560 square feet. Therefore, for five acres, the area would be:

( 5 , \text{acres} \times 43,560 , \text{sq ft/acre} = 218,700 , \text{sq ft} ).

2. Determine the depth of excavation: To convert the area into a volume, you need to know the depth of topsoil being removed. Standard topsoil depths can vary, but let's assume a typical depth of about 6 inches (0.5 feet). Thus, the volume in cubic feet would be:

( 218,700 , \text{sq ft} \times 0.5 , \text{ft} = 109,350 , \text{cubic feet} ).

3. Convert cubic feet to cubic yards: Since there are 27 cubic feet in a cubic