How do you calculate the load factor in excavation work?

To calculate the load factor in excavation work, the method involves understanding how excavated material changes in volume when it is removed from the ground. The correct approach to calculating the load factor expresses the relationship between the bank volume (the original volume of material in place) and the adjusted volume once it has been excavated and experienced swell (the increase in volume due to the loosening of the material).

The formula presented in the correct answer states that the load factor is derived from the bank volume divided by the total volume, which consists of the bank volume added to the volume increase determined by the swell percentage. This calculation is crucial because it offers insight into how much additional space the excavated material will take up when it is removed.

Understanding this concept is essential for accurately estimating how much material needs to be transported and ensuring that equipment and operations are planned accordingly. This method not only accounts for the original measurement of material but also recognizes the necessary adjustments relevant to its spoilage when transitioning from in-situ conditions to a transported state. Knowing the load factor helps in effectively planning for hauling, budgeting for transport, and optimizing site operations.