Which equipment is commonly used to establish clear elevations in grading processes?

The equipment commonly used to establish clear elevations in grading processes is the builder's level. This instrument is essential for surveying and leveling tasks on construction sites. It allows operators to determine and set accurate horizontal planes, ensuring that surfaces are graded to the required elevation specifications.

Using a builder's level, surveyors can shoot levels over distances, which helps in understanding the topography of the land and in making precise adjustments during grading. It helps in laying out the proper slope for drainage, which is crucial for site development and avoiding future issues such as water accumulation.

While other equipment like excavators, backhoe loaders, and grade rulers are necessary for different aspects of excavation and grading, they do not serve the primary function of establishing elevations as effectively as a builder's level. An excavator is typically used for digging and moving earth, and a backhoe loader combines both digging and loading functions. A grade ruler, while useful in measuring depth or elevation on a smaller scale, lacks the precision and range that a builder's level provides for larger grading projects.