What is known as a reference point for establishing grades in construction?

A benchmark is a critical reference point used in construction for establishing grades. It is a permanent marker, often made of concrete or metal, that indicates a specific elevation above sea level. Benchmarks serve as a reliable foundation for surveying and help ensure that all grading and leveling work is performed accurately relative to this established point. They are essential in maintaining consistent and precise elevations throughout a construction site.

This accuracy is crucial, especially when dealing with drainage, site grading, or the installation of utilities, as an incorrect grade can lead to significant issues down the line, such as water pooling or improper settling of structures. The use of benchmarks helps construction professionals avoid these pitfalls by providing a clear reference for all subsequent work.